Teegi: Tangible EEG Interface

We introduce Teegi, a Tangible ElectroEncephaloGraphy (EEG) Interface that enables novice users to get to know more about something as complex as brain signals, in an easy, en- gaging and informative way. To this end, we have designed a new system based on a unique combination of spatial aug- mented reality, tangible interaction and real-time neurotech- nologies. With Teegi, a user can visualize and analyze his or her own brain activity in real-time, on a tangible character that can be easily manipulated, and with which it is possible to interact. An exploration study has shown that interacting with Teegi seems to be easy, motivating, reliable and infor- mative. Overall, this suggests that Teegi is a promising and relevant training and mediation tool for the general public.Comment: to appear in UIST-ACM User Interface Software and Technology Symposium, Oct 2014, Honolulu, United State

Single lens off-chip cellphone microscopy

Within the last few years, cellphone subscriptions have widely spread and now cover even the remotest parts of the planet. Adequate access to healthcare, however, is not widely available, especially in developing countries. We propose a new approach to converting cellphones into low-cost scientific devices for microscopy. Cellphone microscopes have the potential to revolutionize health-related screening and analysis for a variety of applications, including blood and water tests. Our optical system is more flexible than previously proposed mobile microscopes and allows for wide field of view panoramic imaging, the acquisition of parallax, and coded background illumination, which optically enhances the contrast of transparent and refractive specimens

Layered 3D: tomographic image synthesis for attenuation-based light field and high dynamic range displays

We develop tomographic techniques for image synthesis on displays composed of compact volumes of light-attenuating material. Such volumetric attenuators recreate a 4D light field or high-contrast 2D image when illuminated by a uniform backlight. Since arbitrary oblique views may be inconsistent with any single attenuator, iterative tomographic reconstruction minimizes the difference between the emitted and target light fields, subject to physical constraints on attenuation. As multi-layer generalizations of conventional parallax barriers, such displays are shown, both by theory and experiment, to exceed the performance of existing dual-layer architectures. For 3D display, spatial resolution, depth of field, and brightness are increased, compared to parallax barriers. For a plane at a fixed depth, our optimization also allows optimal construction of high dynamic range displays, confirming existing heuristics and providing the first extension to multiple, disjoint layers. We conclude by demonstrating the benefits and limitations of attenuation-based light field displays using an inexpensive fabrication method: separating multiple printed transparencies with acrylic sheets.Dolby Laboratories Inc.Samsung ElectronicsAlfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Tensor displays: compressive light field synthesis using multilayer displays with directional backlighting

We introduce tensor displays: a family of compressive light field displays comprising all architectures employing a stack of time-multiplexed, light-attenuating layers illuminated by uniform or directional backlighting (i.e., any low-resolution light field emitter). We show that the light field emitted by an N-layer, M-frame tensor display can be represented by an Nth-order, rank-M tensor. Using this representation we introduce a unified optimization framework, based on nonnegative tensor factorization (NTF), encompassing all tensor display architectures. This framework is the first to allow joint multilayer, multiframe light field decompositions, significantly reducing artifacts observed with prior multilayer-only and multiframe-only decompositions; it is also the first optimization method for designs combining multiple layers with directional backlighting. We verify the benefits and limitations of tensor displays by constructing a prototype using modified LCD panels and a custom integral imaging backlight. Our efficient, GPU-based NTF implementation enables interactive applications. Through simulations and experiments we show that tensor displays reveal practical architectures with greater depths of field, wider fields of view, and thinner form factors, compared to prior automultiscopic displays.United States. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA SCENICC program)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (NSF Grant IIS-1116452)United States. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA MOSAIC program)United States. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA Young Faculty Award)Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (Fellowship

Femto-Photography: Capturing Light in Motion

We show a technique to capture ultrafast movies of light in motion and synthesize physically valid visualizations. The effective exposure time for each frame is under two picoseconds (ps). Capturing a 2D video with this time resolution is highly challenging, given the extermely low SNR associated with a picosecond exposure time, as well as the absence of 2D cameras that can provide such a shutter speed. We re-purpose modern imaging hardware to record an ensemble average of repeatable events that are synchronized to a streak tube, and we introduce reconstruction methods to visualize propagation of light pulses through macroscopic scenes. Capturing two-dimensional movies with picosecond resolution, we observe many interesting and complex light transport effects, including multibounce scattering, delayed mirror reflections, and subsurface scattering. We notice that the time instances recorded by the camera, i.e. “camera time” is different from the the time of the events as they happen locally at the scene location, i.e. world time. We introduce a notion of time warp between the two space time coordinate systems, and rewarp the space-time movie for a different perspective

Content-adaptive parallax barriers: optimizing dual-layer 3D displays using low-rank light field factorization

We optimize automultiscopic displays built by stacking a pair of modified LCD panels. To date, such dual-stacked LCDs have used heuristic parallax barriers for view-dependent imagery: the front LCD shows a fixed array of slits or pinholes, independent of the multi-view content. While prior works adapt the spacing between slits or pinholes, depending on viewer position, we show both layers can also be adapted to the multi-view content, increasing brightness and refresh rate. Unlike conventional barriers, both masks are allowed to exhibit non-binary opacities. It is shown that any 4D light field emitted by a dual-stacked LCD is the tensor product of two 2D masks. Thus, any pair of 1D masks only achieves a rank-1 approximation of a 2D light field. Temporal multiplexing of masks is shown to achieve higher-rank approximations. Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) minimizes the weighted Euclidean distance between a target light field and that emitted by the display. Simulations and experiments characterize the resulting content-adaptive parallax barriers for low-rank light field approximation.National Science Foundation (U.S.) (grant CCF-0729126)National Research Foundation of Korea (grant 2009-352-D00232

BiDi screen: a thin, depth-sensing LCD for 3D interaction using light fields

We transform an LCD into a display that supports both 2D multi-touch and unencumbered 3D gestures. Our BiDirectional (BiDi) screen, capable of both image capture and display, is inspired by emerging LCDs that use embedded optical sensors to detect multiple points of contact. Our key contribution is to exploit the spatial light modulation capability of LCDs to allow lensless imaging without interfering with display functionality. We switch between a display mode showing traditional graphics and a capture mode in which the backlight is disabled and the LCD displays a pinhole array or an equivalent tiled-broadband code. A large-format image sensor is placed slightly behind the liquid crystal layer. Together, the image sensor and LCD form a mask-based light field camera, capturing an array of images equivalent to that produced by a camera array spanning the display surface. The recovered multi-view orthographic imagery is used to passively estimate the depth of scene points. Two motivating applications are described: a hybrid touch plus gesture interaction and a light-gun mode for interacting with external light-emitting widgets. We show a working prototype that simulates the image sensor with a camera and diffuser, allowing interaction up to 50 cm in front of a modified 20.1 inch LCD.National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant CCF-0729126)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Formulation of Coffee Bean Extract (Chlorogenic Acid) Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Lymphatic Uptake on Oral Administration

Coffee bean extract (Chlorogenic Acid), Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatoid Drug (DMARD) agent in the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis is believed to inhibit the production of TNF-α by blocking the cell associated conversion of TNF Precursor to mature proteins this, halting the proliferation of synovitis.CGA inhibit the proliferation of the fibroblast‑like synoviocyte cell line (RSC‑364), stimulated by interleukin (IL)‑6, through inducing apoptosis. CGA inhibit the inflammatory proliferation of RSC‑364 cells mediated by IL‑6 through inducing apoptosis. CGA was also able to suppress the expression levels of key molecules in the JAK/STAT and NF‑κB signaling pathways, and inhibit the activation of these signaling pathways in the inflammatory response through IL‑6‑mediated signaling, thereby resulting in the inhibition of the inflamma­tory proliferation of synoviocytes. The aim of the present study was to formulate and evaluate coffee bean extract (chlorogenic acid) solid lipid nanoparticles using a positive charge on it by means of enabling lymphatic uptake. Coffee bean extract (chlorogenic acid) solid lipid nanoparticles were prepared by melt emulsification-high pressure homogenization method and the particle size, PDI and % entrapment efficiency was found to be 210nm, 0.455 and 91.18% .ex vivo endocytic uptake studies revealed engrossment of endocytic pathways in the uptake of solid lipid nanoparticles from intestine. Keywords: Coffee bean extract (Chlorogenic Acid), Glyceryl monostearate, Solid Lipid Nanoparticles, Lymphatic Uptak

Polarization fields: dynamic light field display using multi-layer LCDs

We introduce polarization field displays as an optically-efficient design for dynamic light field display using multi-layered LCDs. Such displays consist of a stacked set of liquid crystal panels with a single pair of crossed linear polarizers. Each layer is modeled as a spatially-controllable polarization rotator, as opposed to a conventional spatial light modulator that directly attenuates light. Color display is achieved using field sequential color illumination with monochromatic LCDs, mitigating severe attenuation and moiré occurring with layered color filter arrays. We demonstrate such displays can be controlled, at interactive refresh rates, by adopting the SART algorithm to tomographically solve for the optimal spatially-varying polarization state rotations applied by each layer. We validate our design by constructing a prototype using modified off-the-shelf panels. We demonstrate interactive display using a GPU-based SART implementation supporting both polarization-based and attenuation-based architectures. Experiments characterize the accuracy of our image formation model, verifying polarization field displays achieve increased brightness, higher resolution, and extended depth of field, as compared to existing automultiscopic display methods for dual-layer and multi-layer LCDs.National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant IIS-1116452)United States. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (Grant HR0011-10-C-0073)Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (Research Fellowship)United States. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (Young Faculty Award